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Original Text

孙子曰 夫用兵之法全国为上破国次之全军为上破军次之全旅为上破旅次之全卒为上破卒次之全伍为上破伍次之 是故百战百胜非善之善也不战而屈人之兵善之善者也故上兵伐谋其次伐交其次伐兵其下攻城攻城之法为不得已修橹□①□②具器械三月而后成距堙又三月而后已将不胜其忿而蚁附之杀士卒三分之一而城不拔者此攻之灾也故善用兵者屈人之兵而非战也拔人之城而非攻也毁人之国而非久也必以全争于天下故兵不顿而利可全此谋攻之法也 故用兵之法十则围之五则攻之倍则分之敌则能战之少则能逃之不若则能避之故小敌之坚大敌之擒也 夫将者国之辅也辅周则国必强辅隙则国必弱故君之所以患于军者三不知军之不可以进而谓之进不知军之不可以退而谓之退是谓縻军不知三军之事而同三军之政则军士惑矣不知三军之权而同三军之任则军士疑矣三军既惑且疑则诸侯之难至矣是谓乱军引胜 故知胜有五知可以战与不可以战者胜识众寡之用者胜上下同欲者胜以虞待不虞者胜将能而君不御者胜此五者知胜之道也故曰知彼知己百战不贻不知彼而知己一胜一负不知彼不知己每战必败

Textual Variants

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Sino-Vietnamese

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Literal Translation

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Literary Translation

Vietnamese

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English — The Bronze Mirror

谋攻篇

Know yourself and know your opponent — and in a hundred battles you will not be endangered. Know yourself but not your opponent — and the outcome will be even. Know neither — and every battle will end in danger.

Sun Tzu's epistemology of competition. The structure is more general than military: it applies to negotiation, to markets, to relationships. The hardest term — usually — is self-knowledge.

Commentary

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References

| Layer | Source | License | | --- | --- | --- | | Original Text (Hán văn) | incrediblesound/classical-chinese texts/sunzi.js | PD-old | | English excerpts (nếu có) | The Bronze Mirror | CC BY-SA 4.0 |

Chi tiết: [sources/ATTRIBUTION.md](../sources/ATTRIBUTION.md).