论将

Original Text

呉子曰夫总文武者军之将也兼刚柔者兵之事也凡人论将常观于勇勇之于将乃数分之一耳夫勇者必轻合轻合而不知利未可也故将之所慎者五一曰理二曰备三曰果四曰戒五曰约理者治众如治寡备者出门如见敌果者临敌不懐生戒者虽克如始战约者法令省而不烦受命而不辞家敌破而后言返将之礼也故师出之日有死之荣无生之辱呉子曰凡兵有四机一曰气机二曰地机三曰事机四曰力机三军之众百万之师张设轻重在于一人是谓气机路狭道险名山大塞十夫所守千夫不过是谓地机善行间谍轻兵往来分散其众使其君臣相怨上下相咎是谓事机车坚管辖舟利橹楫士习战阵马闲驰逐是谓力机知此四者乃可为将然其威徳仁勇必足以率下安众怖敌决疑施令而下不敢犯所在而冦不敢敌得之国强去之国亡是谓良将呉子曰夫鼙鼓金铎所以威耳旌旗麾帜所以威目禁令刑罚所以威心耳威于声不可不清目威于色不可不明心威于刑不可不严三者不立虽有其国必败于敌故曰将之所麾莫不从移将之所指莫不前死呉子曰凡战之要必先占其将而察其才因其形而用其权则不劳而功举其将愚而信人可诈而诱贪而忽名可货而赂轻变无谋可劳而困上富而骄下贫而怨可离而间进退多疑其众无依可震而走士轻其将而有归志塞易开险可邀而取进道易退道难可来而前进道险退道易可薄而击居军下湿水无所通霖雨数至可灌而沈居军荒泽草楚幽秽风飇数至可焚而灭停久不移将士懈怠其军不备可潜而袭武侯问曰两军相望不知其将我欲相之其术如何起对曰令贱而勇者将轻鋭以尝之务于北无务于得观敌之来一坐一起其政以理其追北佯为不及其见利佯为不知如此将者名为智将勿与战也若其众讙哗旌旗烦乱其卒自行自止其兵或纵或横其追北恐不及见利恐不得此为愚将虽众可获

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References

| Layer | Source | License | | --- | --- | --- | | Original Text (Hán văn) | daizhigev20 子藏/兵家/吴子.txt | PD-old | | English excerpts (nếu có) | The Bronze Mirror | CC BY-SA 4.0 |

Chi tiết: [sources/ATTRIBUTION.md](../sources/ATTRIBUTION.md).