图国

Original Text

呉子曰昔之图国家者必先教百姓而亲万民有四不和不和于国不可以出军不和于军不可以出阵不和于阵不可以进战不和于战不可以决胜是以有道之主将用其民先和而后造大事不敢信其私谋必告于祖庙启于元参之天时吉乃后举民知君之爱其命惜其死若此之至而与之临难则士以进死为荣退生为辱矣呉子曰夫道者所以反本复始义者所以行事立功谋者所以违害就利要者所以保业守成若行不合道举不合义而处大居贵患必及之是以圣人绥之以道理之以义动之以礼抚之以仁此四徳者修之则兴废之则衰故成汤讨桀而夏民喜悦周武伐纣而殷人不非举顺天人故能然矣呉子曰凡制国治军必教之以礼励之以义使有耻也夫人有耻在大足以战在小足以守矣然战胜易守胜难故曰天下战国五胜者祸四胜者弊三胜者霸二胜者王一胜者帝是以数胜得天下者稀以亡者众呉子曰凡兵之所起者有五一曰争名二曰争利三曰积恶四曰内乱五曰因饥其名又有五一曰义兵二曰强兵三曰刚兵四曰暴兵五曰逆兵禁暴救乱曰义恃众以伐曰强因怒兴师曰刚弃礼贪利曰暴国乱人疲举事动众曰逆五者之服各有其道义必以礼服强必以谦服刚必以辞服暴必以诈服逆必以权服武侯问曰愿闻治兵料人固国之道起对曰古之明王必谨君臣之礼饰上下之仪安集吏民顺俗而教简募良材以备不虞昔齐桓募士五万以霸诸侯晋文召为前行四万以获其志秦穆置陷阵三万以服邻敌故强国之君必料其民民有胆勇气力者聚为一卒乐以进战効力以显其忠勇者聚为一卒能逾高超远轻足善走者聚为一卒王臣失位而欲见功于上者聚为一卒弃城去守欲除其丑者聚为一卒此五者军之练鋭也有此三千人内出可以决围外入可以屠城矣武侯问曰愿闻陈必定守必固战必胜之道起对曰立见且可岂直闻乎君能使贤者居上不肖者处下则阵已定矣民安其田宅亲其有司则守已固矣百姓皆是吾君而非邻国则战已胜矣武侯尝谋事羣臣莫能及罢朝而有喜色起对曰昔楚荘王尝谋事羣臣莫能及朝罢而有忧色申公问曰君有忧色何也曰寡人闻之世不絶圣国不乏贤能得其师者王能得其友者霸今寡人不才而羣臣莫及者楚国其殆矣此楚荘王之所忧而君悦之臣窃惧矣于是武侯有惭色

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References

| Layer | Source | License | | --- | --- | --- | | Original Text (Hán văn) | daizhigev20 子藏/兵家/吴子.txt | PD-old | | English excerpts (nếu có) | The Bronze Mirror | CC BY-SA 4.0 |

Chi tiết: [sources/ATTRIBUTION.md](../sources/ATTRIBUTION.md).